从《习近平谈治国理政》英译中学习翻译技巧
文章来源：翻译室 丁锐 发布时间：2015-09-25
一、诗词翻译
对策：兼顾意象和内涵
例1.“中华民族的昨天，可以说是“雄关漫道真如铁”。近代以后，中华民族遭受的苦难之重、付出的牺牲之大，在世界历史上都是罕见的。但是，中国人民从不屈服，不断奋起抗争，终于掌握了自己的命运，开始了建设自己国家的伟大进程，充分展示了以爱国主义为核心的伟大民族精神。中华民族的今天，正可谓“人间正道是沧桑”。改革开放以来，我们总结历史经验，不断艰辛探索，终于找到了实现中华民族伟大复兴的正确道路，取得了举世瞩目的成果。这条道路就是中国特色社会主义。中华民族的明天，可以说是“长风破浪会有时”。经过鸦片战争以来170多年的持续奋斗，中华民族伟大复兴展现出光明的前景。现在，我们比历史上任何时期都更接近中华民族伟大复兴的目标，比历史上任何时期都更有信心、有能力实现这个目标。”
In the old days, the Chinese people went through hardships as grueling as “storming an iron-wall pass.” Today, the Chinese nation is undergoing profound changes, like “seas becoming mulberry field.” In the future, the Chinese nation will “forge ahead like a gigantic ship breaking through strong winds and heavy waves.”（先解释内涵，再补充意象）
例2. “宝剑锋从磨砺出，梅花香自苦寒来。”人类的美好理想，都不可能唾手可得，离不开筚路蓝缕，手胼足胝的艰苦奋斗。
“The sharpness of a sword results from repeated grinding, while the fragrance of plum blossoms comes from frigid weather”. Human ideals are not easy to achieve, but need hard work.
二、四字成语、谚语、对仗句型的翻译
对策：准确理解含义，理清逻辑关系
1. 并列或递进关系：
再接再厉，一往无前
Redouble our efforts and forge ahead relentlessly
2. 近义重复：
承前启后，继往开来。
Draw on past progress and chart a new course for the future
心往一处想，劲儿往一处使；万众一心，众志成城
Make concerted efforts
功崇惟志，业广惟勤。
One must both have great ambition and make tireless efforts to achieve great exploits.
始终谦虚谨慎、艰苦奋斗，始终埋头苦干、锐意进取
Remain modest and prudent, work hard, and forge ahead with determination
3. 对比关系：
落后就要挨打，发展才能自强。
Backwardness left us vulnerable to attack, whereas only development make us strong.
空谈误国，实干兴邦。
Empty talks harms the country, while hard work make it flourish.
三、重复表达
对策：一个含义，多种表述
例1.“这个梦想，凝聚了几代中国人的夙愿，体现了中华民族和中国人民的整体利益，是每一个中华儿女的共同期盼。”
This dream embodies the long-cherished hope of several generations of the Chinese people, gives expression to the overall interests of the Chinese nation and Chinese people, and represents the shared inspiration of all the sons and daughters of the Chinese nation.
例2.中国坚定不移的......
China’s commitment to ........is resolute.
China is unswervingly doing......
China is committed to doing......
对策：兼顾意象和内涵
例1.“中华民族的昨天，可以说是“雄关漫道真如铁”。近代以后，中华民族遭受的苦难之重、付出的牺牲之大，在世界历史上都是罕见的。但是，中国人民从不屈服，不断奋起抗争，终于掌握了自己的命运，开始了建设自己国家的伟大进程，充分展示了以爱国主义为核心的伟大民族精神。中华民族的今天，正可谓“人间正道是沧桑”。改革开放以来，我们总结历史经验，不断艰辛探索，终于找到了实现中华民族伟大复兴的正确道路，取得了举世瞩目的成果。这条道路就是中国特色社会主义。中华民族的明天，可以说是“长风破浪会有时”。经过鸦片战争以来170多年的持续奋斗，中华民族伟大复兴展现出光明的前景。现在，我们比历史上任何时期都更接近中华民族伟大复兴的目标，比历史上任何时期都更有信心、有能力实现这个目标。”
In the old days, the Chinese people went through hardships as grueling as “storming an iron-wall pass.” Today, the Chinese nation is undergoing profound changes, like “seas becoming mulberry field.” In the future, the Chinese nation will “forge ahead like a gigantic ship breaking through strong winds and heavy waves.”（先解释内涵，再补充意象）
例2. “宝剑锋从磨砺出，梅花香自苦寒来。”人类的美好理想，都不可能唾手可得，离不开筚路蓝缕，手胼足胝的艰苦奋斗。
“The sharpness of a sword results from repeated grinding, while the fragrance of plum blossoms comes from frigid weather”. Human ideals are not easy to achieve, but need hard work.
二、四字成语、谚语、对仗句型的翻译
对策：准确理解含义，理清逻辑关系
1. 并列或递进关系：
再接再厉，一往无前
Redouble our efforts and forge ahead relentlessly
2. 近义重复：
承前启后，继往开来。
Draw on past progress and chart a new course for the future
心往一处想，劲儿往一处使；万众一心，众志成城
Make concerted efforts
功崇惟志，业广惟勤。
One must both have great ambition and make tireless efforts to achieve great exploits.
始终谦虚谨慎、艰苦奋斗，始终埋头苦干、锐意进取
Remain modest and prudent, work hard, and forge ahead with determination
3. 对比关系：
落后就要挨打，发展才能自强。
Backwardness left us vulnerable to attack, whereas only development make us strong.
空谈误国，实干兴邦。
Empty talks harms the country, while hard work make it flourish.
三、重复表达
对策：一个含义，多种表述
例1.“这个梦想，凝聚了几代中国人的夙愿，体现了中华民族和中国人民的整体利益，是每一个中华儿女的共同期盼。”
This dream embodies the long-cherished hope of several generations of the Chinese people, gives expression to the overall interests of the Chinese nation and Chinese people, and represents the shared inspiration of all the sons and daughters of the Chinese nation.
例2.中国坚定不移的......
China’s commitment to ........is resolute.
China is unswervingly doing......
China is committed to doing......
