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2016年政府工作报告系列学习之二

文章来源:翻译室  发布时间:2016-03-21

固定表达
全国人民代表大会
National People’s Congress
中国人民政治协商会议
Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference
国内生产总值
Gross Domestic Product
国民生产总值
Gross National Product
粮食产量
food crop production
居民消费价格
consumer price
高科技产业
high-tech industry
装备制造业
equipment manufacturing
单位国内生产总值能耗
energy consumption per unit of gdp
新兴产业
emerging industry
新注册企业
newly registered businesses
居民人均可支配收入
personal per capita disposable income
扶贫
poverty alleviation
第三代核电技术
3g nuclear power technology
诺贝尔生理学或医学奖
Noble Prize for Physiology or Medicine
结构调整
structural adjustment
定向调控
targeted regulation
相机调控
well-timed regulation
区间调控
range-based regulation
积极的财政政策
proactive fiscal policy
稳健的货币政策
prudent monetary policy
结构性减税
structural tax reduction
利率
interest rate
存款准备金率
required reserve ratios
存贷比
loan-to-deposit ratio
专项资金
special-purpose fund
水利
water conservancy
城镇棚户区
rundown urban areas
行政审批
government review
营业执照
business license
组织机构代码
organization code license
税务登记证
taxation registration certificate
专项转移支付
special transfer payment
一般转移支付
general transfer payment
营业税
business tax
增值税
value added tax (VAT)
人民币跨境支付系统
RMB cross-border payment system
国有企业
state-owned enterprise (SOE)
中小企业
small and medium-sized enterprises
出口退税
export tax rebate
自由贸易区
free trade zone
国际货币基金组织
International Monetary Fund (IMF)
特别提款权货币篮子
Special Drawing Rights basket
亚洲基础设施投资银行
Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB)
丝路基金
Silk Road Fund
一带一路
The Belt and Road Initiative
“互联网+”计划
Internet Plus action plan
户籍制度
household registration system
三严三实
Three Stricts and Three Honests
南水北调工程
South-to North Water Diversion Project
载人航天
manned spaceflight 
探月工程
lunar exploration program
深海探测
deep-water exploration
"十三五"时期
the period of the 13th Five-Year Plan from 2016 through 2020
《国民经济和社会发展第十三个五年规划纲要(草案)》
The draft of the 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development
《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十三个五年规划的建议》
the CPC Central Committee Recommendations for the 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development
全面建成小康社会
finishbuilding a moderately prosperous society in all respects
创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的发展理念
innovative, coordinated, green, open, and shared development
保持经济中高速增长
maintain a medium-high rate of growth
推动产业迈向中高端水平
promote the development of industries toward the medium-high end
城乡居民人均收入
per capita personal income
加快推进产业结构优化升级
move faster to improve or upgrade the structure of industry
全员劳动生产率
per capita labor productivity
经济总量
aggregate economic output
实施创新驱动发展战略
implement a strategy of innovation-driven development
高水平的国家科学中心技术创新中心
first-classnational science centers first-class and technological innovation hubs
有国际竞争力的创新型领军企业
internationally competitive high-innovation enterprises
推动大众创业、万众创新
encourage the public to start businesses and make innovations
物联网
the Internet of Things
加快建设质量强国、制造强国
move faster to transform China into a manufacturer of advanced and quality products
科技进步对经济增长的贡献
technological advances toward economic growth
战略前沿领域
strategic and frontier fields
迈进创新型国家和人才强国行列
turn China into an innovative and talent-rich country
新型城镇化
new urbanisation
促进城乡区域协调发展。
balance development between urban and rural areas and between regions
推进以人为核心的新型城镇化
advance the new, people-centered urbanization
棚户区和城中村改造
the rebuilding of both rundown areas and "villages" in cities
农业适度规模经营
appropriately scaled-up agricultural operations
区域化布局
regional distribution
农业社会化服务
commercial agricultural services
形成沿海沿江沿线经济带为主的纵向横向经济轴带
form north-south and east-west intersecting economic belts along the coastline, the Yangtze River, and major transportation routes
培育一批辐射带动力强的城市群和增长极
foster new growth poles and city clusters that facilitate the development of surrounding areas
高铁营业里程
the length of high-speed railways in service
实现城乡宽带网络全覆盖
achieve full coverage of access to broadband networks in both urban and rural areas
生态环境
ecosystems and the environment
在发展中保护、在保护中发展
to protect the environment while pursuing development and achieve development in a well-protected environment.
加强生态保护和修复
intensify ecological conservation and restoration efforts
单位国内生产总值用水量、能耗、二氧化碳排放量
water consumption, energy consumption, and carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP
天蓝、地绿、水清的美丽中国
a Beautiful China where the sky is blue, the land is green, and the water runs clear.
构建发展新体制
create new institutions for development
现代产权制度
modern system of property rights
法治政府
a rule of law government
使市场在资源配置中起决定性作用和更好发挥政府作用
the market plays the decisive role and the government better plays its role in resource allocation
国际产能合作
cooperation with other countries on industrial capacity
优进优出
the optimization of imports and exports
服务贸易
trade in service
准入前国民待遇加负面清单管理制度
The management system for pre-establishment national treatment plus a negative list
高标准自由贸易区网络
a network of high-standard free trade areas
共享发展成果
shares in the fruits of development
补齐基本民生保障的短板
strengthen points of weakness in meeting basic needs for the people
贫困县全部摘帽,解决区域性整体贫困
achieve poverty alleviation in all poor countiesand areas
国家基本公共服务项目清单
a national catalogue of basic public services
实施义务教育学校标准化
ensure that all schools providing compulsory education comply with educational standards
世界一流大学
world-class universities
一流学科
first-class fields of discipline
完善住房保障体系
improve systems of government housing support
健康中国
a Healthy China
精神生活
intellectual and cultural life
中等收入陷阱
middle-income trap
发展如逆水行舟,不进则退。
Pursuing development is like sailing against the current you either forge ahead or drift downstream.
破浪远航
break the waves and go the distance
供给侧结构性改革
structural reform on the supply side
减少无效和低端供给
reduce ineffective and lower-end supply
扩大有效和中高端供给
increase effective and medium- and high-end supply
全要素生产率
total-factor productivity
解放和发展社会生产力
unleash and develop productive forces
加快新旧发展动能接续转换
accelerate the shift in driving forces for development
双引擎
twin engines
新兴产业集群
emerging industry clusters
习近平总书记系列重要讲话精神,
the guiding principles from General Secretary Xi Jinping's major policy addresses
"五位一体"总体布局
the overall plan for promoting all-round economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological progress
"四个全面"战略布局
the Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy:to make comprehensive moves to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, deepen reform, advance the law-based governance of China, and strengthen Party self-conduct
宏观政策要稳、产业政策要准、微观政策要活、改革政策要实、社会政策要托底。
Macro policies should be stable, industrial policies targeted, micro policies flexible, reform policies practical, and that social policies should ensure basic needs.
去产能、去库存、去杠杆、降成本、补短板
cut overcapacity and excess inventory, deleverage, reduce costs, and strengthen points of weakness
加强民生保障
strengthen basic safeguards for public wellbeing
城镇登记失业率
registered urban unemployment rate
进出口回稳向好
a steady rise in import and export volumes
国际收支基本平衡
a basic balance in international payments
打硬仗
fight a difficult battle
大宗商品市场
commoditymarket
经济增速换挡
the change of pace in economic growth
结构调整阵痛
the difficulties associated with structural adjustments
新旧动能转换
the transformation of the drivers of growth
经济韧性强、潜力足、回旋余地大。
Itseconomy is hugely resilient and has enormous potential and ample room for growth.
万众一心,共克时艰
work together as one to surmount all difficulties
顶住经济下行压力
withstand the downward pressure on the economy
着眼长远、留有后手、谋势蓄势
have our long-term development goals in mind, keep some policy tools as options for later use, strategize our moves, and gather strength
财政赤字
government deficit
赤字率
the deficit-to-GDP ratio
政府负债率
government debt ratio
政府性基金
government-managed funds
行政事业性收费
administrative charges
创新财政支出方式
develop new ways for government funds to be spent
优化财政支出结构
improve the government spending mix
财税体制
fiscal and tax reform
从价计征
advalorem rates
再贷款
re-lending
保持流动性合理充裕
to maintain sufficient liquidity at a proper level
疏通传导机制
improve the transmission mechanism of monetary policy
"三农"
agriculture, rural areas, and farmers.
现代金融监管体制
the modern financial regulatory system
人民币汇率市场化形成机制
the market-based mechanism for setting the RMB exchange rate
开发性、政策性金融机构
development and policy-backed financial institutions
民营银行
private bank
投贷联动
allow commercial banks to participate in combined debt-equity investments into startups and small businesses
多层次资本市场
multilevel capital market
"深港通"
Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect
巨灾保险制度
catastrophe insurance system
普惠金融和绿色金融
inclusive and green finance
外债宏观审慎管理
macroprudential management of foreign debt
互联网金融
Internet finance
扎紧制度笼子
tighten institutional constraints
整顿规范金融秩序
safeguard order in the financial sector
金融诈骗
financial fraud
非法集资
illegal fondraising
证券期货
securities and futures
系统性区域性风险
systemic or regional financial risks
绿色发展
green development
化学需氧量
chemical oxygen demand (COD)
氨氮排放量
ammonia nitrogen emission
二氧化硫
sulfur dioxide
氮氧化物
nitrogen oxide
细颗粒物(PM2.5)浓度
the density of fine particulate matter (PMzs)
散煤
untreated coal
以电代煤、以气代煤
coal substituted with electricity and natural gas
超低排放
ultra-low emissions
强制性标准
coal-fired boilers
燃煤锅炉
compulsory standards.
生物质能
biomass energy
秸秆资源化利用
recovery of resources from crop straw
车用燃油国五标准
the use of automobile gasoline and diesel fuel that meet National-V standards
黄标车和老旧车
old or high-emission vehicles
城镇污水处理设施
urban sewage treatment facilities
农业面源污染
agricultural pollution from non-point sources
环境保护法
Environmental Protection Law
节能环保
energy conservation and environmental protection
合同能源管理
contracted energy management
环境污染第三方治理
third-party treatment of environmental pollution
节能改造
energy-saving renovations
垃圾分类处理
sorted treatment of waste
再生资源回收利用
recycling renewable resources
生态安全屏障
ecological security barriers
生态保护补偿
compensating for ecological conservation efforts
地下水超采
over-abstraction of groundwater
湿地保护与恢复
protect and restore wetland ecosystems
荒漠化
desertification
石漠化
rock desertification
水土流失
soil erosion
创业
business startups
失业保险基金
unemployment insurance funds
稳就业资金
funds for keeping job creation stable
企业下岗职工
laid-off enterprise employees
托底帮扶
basic needs assistance
灵活就业
flexible employment
新就业形态
new forms of employment
退役军人
demobilized military personnel
寄宿制学校
boarding schools
薄弱学校
schools which are badly built or poorly operated
普惠性幼儿园
kindergartens open to all children
特殊教育
special needs education
现代职业教育
modern vocational education
中等职业教育
secondary vocational education
学杂费
tuition and miscellaneous fees
普通高中
regular senior high schools
远程教育
distance learning
普通本科高校
regular undergraduate institutions
重点高校
key colleges
民办教育
privately run educational institutions
医疗、医保、医药联动改革。
medical services, medical insurance, and the medicine industry.
大病保险
serious disease insurance scheme
城乡居民基本医保制度
basic medical insurance systems for rural and non-working urban residents
医保支付方式
medical insurance payouts
基本医保全国联网
a nationwide network for basic medical insurance
异地就医结算
medical expenses can be settled where they are incurred via basic medical insurance accounts
公立医院
public hospital
医疗服务价格
medical service pricing
药品流通
medicine distribution
全科医生
general practitioners
儿科医生
pediatricians
地市
prefecture-level cities
分级诊疗试点
tiered medical services
社会办医
privately run hospitals
中医药
traditional Chinese medicine
民族医药
medical traditions of ethnic minorities
薪酬制度
remuneration systems
配套政策
supporting policies
食品药品安全监管体制
safety monitoring systems for food and pharmaceuticals
退休人员基本养老金
basic pension benefits for retirees
社保基金
social security funds
养老服务业
elderly care service industry
医养结合
combined medical and care services for the elderly
临时救助
temporary assistance scheme
城乡低保人均补助
per capita subsidies for subsistence allowances in rural and urban areas
社会救助体系
social assistance systems
中国梦
Chinese Dream
中国特色社会主义
socialism with Chinese characteristics
社会主义核心价值观
core socialist values
中国特色新型智库
new types of Chinese think tanks
群众性精神文明创建活动
popular activities which promote cultural and ethical progress
国民素质
overall caliber of the population
社会文明程度
the level of civility in society
数字广播电视
digital broadcasting
社会治理。
social governance.
民主协商
democratic consultation
工会
trade unions
共青团
communist youth league organizations
妇联
women's federations
行业协会商会
industry associations and chambers of commerce
法律援助
legal aid provision
社区矫正
community corrections
安全生产
workplace safety
减灾
mitigate disasters
监测预警应急机制
monitoring, early-warning, and emergency response mechanisms
气象服务
meteorological services
全面建成小康社会
finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects
法治政府、创新政府、廉洁政府和服务型政府
a law-based, innovative, clean, and service-oriented government
政府法律顾问制度
legal consultation system for government
社会和舆论监督
public oversight and public opinion-based oversight
行政监察
administrative supervision
寻租
rent-seeking
党风廉政建设
improve Party conduct and government integrity
公信力。
public credibility
三严三实
the Three Stricts and Three Honests
政治意识、大局意识、核心意识、看齐意识
be aware of the need to uphold political integrity, keep in mind the bigger picture, follow the CPC as the core of the Chinese leadership, act consistently with CPC Central Committee policy
作风和能力建设
improve conduct and competence
工作责任制
work responsibility system
督查问责机制
oversight and accountability systems
庸政懒政怠政
incompetence, inertia, and negligence
激励机制
incentive mechanisms
容错纠错机制
mechanisms to allow for and address mistakes
财政沉淀资金
idle budgetary funds
民族区域自治制度
regional ethnic autonomy
差别化政策
differentiated policies
宗教界人士和信教群众
religious leaders and believers
侨务政策
work related to overseas Chinese
海外侨胞
overseas Chinese nationals
归侨侨眷
Chinese nationals who have returned to China from overseas and the relatives of overseas Chinese nationals who live in China
党在新形势下的强军目标
the Party's goal of building strong armed forces under new conditions
政治建军、改革强军、依法治军
build the armed forces through political work and reform, and run them by law
军队革命化现代化正规化建设
make the military more revolutionary, modern, and well-structured
日常战备
combat readiness
边海空防管控
border, coastal, and air defense control
后勤保障和装备发展
the development of logistics and equipment
领导指挥体制改革
reforming military leadership and command structures
现代化武装警察部队
modernize the armed police force
国防科技工业
defense-related science, technology, and industries
"一国两制"
"one country, two systems"
"港人治港"、"澳人治澳"
the people of Hong Kong governing Hong Kong, the people of Macao governing Macao
高度自治
a high degree of autonomy
对台工作大政方针
major policies on Taiwan
"九二共识"
1992 Consensus
两岸关系
cross-Straits relations
台海和平稳定
peace and stability in the Taiwan Straits
两岸命运共同体
a cross-Straits community of common destiny.
中国特色大国外交理念
the distinctive vision guiding China in conducting its diplomacy as a major country
亲诚惠容的周边外交理念
the policy of amity, sincerity, mutual benefit, and inclusiveness in developing relations with our neighbors
南南合作
South-South cooperation
全面建成小康社会决胜阶段
the decisive stage of finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects
富强民主文明和谐的社会主义现代化国家
a modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, and harmonious
实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦
achieve the Chinese Dream of the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation
 

友情连接

  • 中华人民共和国中央人民政府
  • 中华人民共和国外交部
  • 中共中央对外联络部
  • 中国人民对外友好协会
  • 河南省政府网
  • 中国领事服务网